Still a Hollow Hope: State Power and the Second Amendment, by Anthony D. Cooling.

Implementation is the process by which enacted policies are translated into real-world action ([17]); implementation of Supreme Court orders and rulings, then, concerns whether those orders are complied with by the relevant parties, and the rulings applied by lower courts. I Heller i and I McDonald i are decisions that were implemented by courts because implementation entailed lower courts not enforcing unconstitutional handgun bans or overly restrictive storage policies (see [10]). The evidence presented by Cooling shows the successful implementation of these decisions: I Heller i and I McDonald i were complied with by the relevant parties, and the rulings were implemented effectively by lower courts. [9] shows lower courts reliably implement Supreme Court rulings, but non-court actors tend to respond to electoral incentives in deciding whether and how to go along with the Court. [Extracted from the article]