JOURNAL ARTICLE
The Vietnamese Migrant Community in Laos: Social Stratification and Diversity (1893–1945).
Published In: French Colonial History, 2023, v. 21/22. P. 139 1 of 3
Database: Academic Search Ultimate 2 of 3
Authored By: Nhung, Nguyen Thi Tuyet 3 of 3
Abstract
As Vietnam and Laos share extensive and contiguous borders, there is a long history of Vietnamese migrations into Laos. From 1893 to 1945, the French colonial administration of Indochina brought many Vietnamese people to Laos, who later formed a large Vietnamese community there. Given Laos's small population, the French colonial government had to rely on the Vietnamese labor force to build a new colonial regime and infrastructure and exploit its natural resources. Most of these immigrants came from the more populated areas in Tonkin and Annam. They worked in various roles such as civil servants, soldiers, workers, or coolies depending on the needs of the French colonial government and business. While qualified civil servants, including interpreters, secretaries, teachers, nurses, and soldiers, earned better salaries and welfare, free workers and coolies were subject to low social status and hard working conditions. This article describes how the colonial system of wages and occupations contributed to social stratification and diversity within the Vietnamese migrant community and shaped migrants' diverse responses to French colonial rule. Comme le Vietnam et le Laos partagent des frontières étendues et contiguës, il existe une longue histoire des migrations vietnamiennes au Laos. De 1893 à 1945, l'administration coloniale française de l'Indochine a amené de nombreux Vietnamiens au Laos, qui ont ensuite formé une grande communauté vietnamienne. Compte tenu de la faible population du Laos, le gouvernement colonial français a dû compter sur la main-d' œuvre vietnamienne pour construire un nouveau régime colonial et des infrastructures et exploiter ses ressources naturelles. La plupart de ces immigrants venaient des régions les plus peuplées du Tonkin et de l'Annam. Ils ont occupé divers rôles tels que fonctionnaires, soldats, travailleurs ou coolies en fonction des besoins du gouvernement colonial français et des entreprises. Alors que les fonctionnaires qualifiés, y compris les interprètes, les secrétaires, les enseignants, les infirmières et les soldats, gagnaient de meilleurs salaires et une meilleure protection sociale, les travailleurs libres et les coolies étaient soumis à un statut social faible et à des conditions de travail difficiles. Cet article décrit comment le système colonial des salaires et des professions a contribué à la stratification sociale et à la diversité au sein de la communauté migrante vietnamienne et a façonné leurs diverses réponses à la domination coloniale française. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Additional Information
- Source:French Colonial History. 2023/01, Vol. 21/22, p139
- Document Type:Article
- Subject Area:Law
- Publication Date:2023
- ISSN:1539-3402
- DOI:10.14321/frencolohist.21.22.2023.0139
- Accession Number:175416100
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