Vico and the conspiracy of the sciences.

This article analyzes Giambattista Vico’s 1708 inaugural oration *De nostri temporis studiorum ratione* (On the Order of the Scholarly Disciplines of Our Times), focusing on his use of the term *conspirare* to advocate for collaboration among the sciences. Delivered amid political upheaval following the Austrian conquest of Naples and university reforms influenced by Cartesian and Bourbon policies, Vico’s speech sought to protect himself politically while proposing a theoretical vision that transcended mere pluri-disciplinarity. Central to his argument was rhetoric as an epistemic tool capable of uniting natural and human sciences into an integrative, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary project aimed at fostering a cooperative “conspiracy” against intellectual fragmentation and tyranny. The article situates Vico’s ideas within contemporary debates on interdisciplinarity, highlighting their relevance for addressing complex 21st-century challenges such as environmental crises and the need for ethical, civic engagement across scientific fields.