Introducing the Euro-Invasion Conflict Database 1513–1901.

This article presents a unique, comprehensive dataset cataloging 1,375 documented conflicts between Indigenous Peoples of North America and European colonizers (including later U.S. military forces) from the early 1500s to 1901, originally compiled by amateur historian Michael L. Nunnally and further developed by a research team at the Rights Lab, University of Nottingham. The dataset codes each conflict—ranging from battles to massacres—across thirty variables, including participant identities, geographic coordinates, initiators, casualties, enslavement, and the classification of some events as "genocidal massacres" following historian Benjamin Madley’s framework. The article situates these conflicts as a nearly continuous four-century-long war of invasion and resistance, highlighting the complexity of belligerents, fluid alliances, and the often aggressive, territorial nature of the campaigns, while acknowledging limitations such as reliance on predominantly European-derived sources and the relative absence of Indigenous voices. This resource aims to facilitate nuanced scholarly analysis of the long history of European colonization and Indigenous resistance in what is now the continental United States.