Gilgamesh, Homer, and the Question of Priority.

This article focuses on the evolving role of ancient texts like *The Epic of Gilgamesh* and *The Exaltation of Inanna* by Enheduanna in Columbia University's Core Curriculum and broader discussions about the foundations of Western civilization in higher education. It outlines the historical significance and contested priority of these works, noting that while *Gilgamesh* was long considered the oldest literary work, some scholars argue for Enheduanna's earlier contributions. The article also addresses shifts in Columbia's curriculum away from traditional Western classics toward diverse and contemporary themes, raising questions about the purpose and continuity of the "Great Tradition." Additionally, it reflects on challenges facing the humanities today, including ideological influences and debates over academic standards, while emphasizing the enduring value of classical texts for understanding civilization's moral and intellectual heritage.