Effect of carotenoid supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This article systematically reviews and meta-analyzes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effects of carotenoid supplementation on blood pressure (BP) in adults. Based on 19 RCTs involving 1,151 participants, carotenoid supplementation significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) by approximately 2.5 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 1.6 mmHg, with greater effects observed in nonhealthy individuals, those over 50 years old, Asian populations, and participants with baseline SBP ≥130 mmHg or DBP ≥80 mmHg, particularly at doses above 10 mg/day. Lycopene supplementation notably decreased DBP, and dose–response analysis indicated significant BP reductions at carotenoid doses up to 25 mg/day for SBP and 20 mg/day for DBP. The study concludes that carotenoid supplementation may beneficially influence BP parameters, especially in populations with elevated baseline BP, while highlighting the need for further research on diverse carotenoid types and longer interventions.