JOURNAL ARTICLE

The matrix of time and space with null values.

  • Published In: Physics Essays, 2025, v. 38, n. 1. P. 81 1 of 3

  • Database: Academic Search Ultimate 2 of 3

  • Authored By: Jeter, Timothy B.; Davis, Brandon P. 3 of 3

Abstract

This paper presents a description of null values for both space and time. In context, a recent theory proposes a universe with fewer than three spatial dimensions--comprising one to two physical dimensions and one dimension of time. The proposal uses a hologram analogy, suggesting that our three-dimensional experience is a projection from a lower-dimensional space. The equations in this paper describe time and space as having null values and propose that the fundamental nature of our physics is dimensionless. The starting point is the expression of a zero value for the sum of all velocity vectors of all particles in all reference frames across the universe, supported by evidence of an isotropic universe. An extension of this expression leads to the conclusion that all momentum, and consequently all inertia, are zero. In this framework, objects lacking inertia are permitted to move at the speed of light within the framework. Using the Lorentz transformations, the paper demonstrates that photons--and anything that could be considered to move at the speed of light relative to photons--experienced no elapsed time or distance. When applying the second law of thermodynamics over the universe's age, a zero vector sum of velocities for all particles becomes evident at both ends of the time scale, with isotropy maintained. This suggests that the early universe was in a state of low entropy, homogeneity, and thermal equilibrium. The solution to the Friedman equation for an open universe predicts a future state of maximum entropy and isotropy. Additionally, a solution to a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with zero time and space variables aligns with the proposed concept. The paper also compares two other concepts in physics--wormholes and entanglement--which suggest the possibility of events involving zero effective distance and zero time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additional Information

  • Source:Physics Essays. 2025/03, Vol. 38, Issue 1, p81
  • Document Type:Article
  • Subject Area:Physics
  • Publication Date:2025
  • ISSN:0836-1398
  • DOI:10.4006/0836-1398-38.1.81
  • Accession Number:193080932
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