The Open-Shop Movement and the Long Shadow of Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction.

The article explores the ways open-shop movement participants invoked the memory of the late U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, slavery, Civil War and Reconstruction eras and how these shaped the consciousness, responses and narrative constructions of Progressive Era labor union opponents. It examines the rise of free labor ideology, soldiering, labor unrest, acts of state and business-generated repression and employer rhetoric, as well as the activities of Newcomb Frierson Thompson.