Decarbonization of the economy considering sustainable energy development.

The article deals with the issues of sustainable development, taking into account the solution of environmental problems. One of the most important issues is climate change due to the increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The development of the world economy has led to a general climate warming, to the ozone depletion. Rising industrial carbon emissions have accelerated climate change. Four scenarios of changes in greenhouse gas concentrations (Representative Concentration Pathway -- RCP) are considered for climate change modeling. Almost all countries are solving this problem. The current solution is the decarbonization of economies, that is, the reduction of GHG emissions. The solution to the problem of reducing GHG emissions of the leading countries is the development of plans to achieve carbon neutrality by the middle of the 21st century. The ways of development of the economies of the countries with the highest GHG emissions are aimed at the development of alternative energy and the development of new decarbonization technologies. The implementation of such projects requires costs 5-20 times less than the possible damage from climate change. The requirements for climate policy set out at various international conferences (the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement) are considered. The article also deals with the prospects for the formation of legislation in the field of implementing these provisions in Russia. It is shown that it is necessary to use alternative energy and reduce the use of fossil fuels. Russia has plans to create carbon polygons where forests will be grown to absorb GHGs. Global development must be green and sustainable, solving economic development issues together with environmental problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]