Singapore closes the water loop: The Asian city-state is a global testbed for water innovations, having turned recycled water into potable water.

The article focuses on Singapore's innovative approach to water management, highlighting its success in closing the water loop through advanced recycling and diversified water sources. Singapore's national water agency, PUB, developed NEWater—high-grade reclaimed water treated via reverse osmosis membranes—which supplements the city-state's water supply alongside imported, catchment, and desalinated water. This integrated system, managed by PUB, emphasizes sustainability, resilience against climate change, and prudent water pricing to support long-term infrastructure investment. Singapore's model serves as a global testbed for water technologies and policies, fostering international collaboration and private sector participation in water innovation.