Comprehensive review of power system oscillations in large-scale power electronic-based renewable energy power plants.

This article comprehensively reviews oscillation issues in modern power systems, focusing on small signal stability challenges arising from the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) interfaced via power electronics (PE). It proposes a classification framework for oscillations based on frequency ranges—low-frequency oscillations (LFO), middle- and low-frequency oscillations (MLFO), middle- and high-frequency oscillations (MHFO), and high-frequency oscillations—and dominant oscillation sources, including synchronous generator (SG)-dominated, SG-PE interaction, and PE-dominated dynamics. The review details mechanisms, analysis methods (such as impedance analysis, modal analysis, and damping torque analysis), and mitigation strategies for each oscillation type, highlighting the complexity introduced by converter controls, grid topology, and equipment response times. It also identifies research gaps in the stability assessment of hybrid alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) power systems and the integration of diverse analytical methods, emphasizing the need for further study on oscillation mechanisms and practical suppression techniques in evolving power grids.