Stage-based Non-price Determinants of Fuel Choice and Its Consumption Decision of Households in Rural India.

This article examines the non-price socio-economic determinants influencing rural Indian households' decisions on cooking fuel choice and consumption, focusing particularly on firewood use. Using data from the 68th round of the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) and applying Cragg's double hurdle model, the study distinguishes between the two-stage decision process: whether to use firewood and how much to consume if chosen. Key findings reveal that income significantly affects the quantity of firewood consumed but not the initial choice, while landholding (an important rural asset) strongly influences both stages. Education level of the household head, household size, age, gender of the household head, social group, and religion also play significant roles, with higher education and female-headed households generally associated with reduced firewood consumption. The study suggests that improving education, especially for women, and enhancing access to clean fuels could support transitions away from polluting traditional fuels, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals.