Iris Recognition Systems: A Comprehensive Review.

The article provides a comprehensive review of iris recognition systems, focusing on four key algorithms—Hough Transform, Daugman’s Rubber Sheet Model, Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), and Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF)—and their applications in biometric authentication, particularly for smartphone-based iris payment systems. It evaluates these algorithms in terms of accuracy, processing speed, and suitability for mobile platforms, highlighting their strengths and limitations under varying imaging conditions. The proposed integrated iris payment system architecture leverages smartphone cameras for secure identity verification and payment processing, emphasizing encryption, multi-factor authentication, and user convenience. Potential applications span retail, banking, and e-commerce, with future directions including multimodal biometrics integration, enhanced encryption, and incorporation with emerging technologies like blockchain and IoT.