A Comprehensive Study on Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) in View of Resonance Frequency and Spectrum Analysis.

This article investigates the relationship between the implant stability quotient (ISQ) and resonance frequency in assessing dental implant stability using benchtop tests on synthetic bone models. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) showed a strong correlation with bone density and incremental insertion torque, indicating it is a reliable measure of implant stability. However, ISQ values, which are derived from resonance frequencies via proprietary algorithms, exhibited significant scatter and low correlation with both resonance frequency and insertion torque, likely due to the presence of multiple simultaneous resonance frequencies and the opaque nature of ISQ conversion methods. The study concludes that while resonance frequency is a valid indicator of implant stability in controlled settings, ISQ measurements may not accurately reflect primary implant stability but can be useful for monitoring changes over time.