The investigation of specific absorption rate measurement system for intelligent connected vehicles and its uncertainty analysis.

This article focuses on the development and uncertainty analysis of a specific absorption rate (SAR) measurement system tailored for electromagnetic radiation exposure assessment inside intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs). Recognizing that traditional SAR measurement methods for mobile terminals are unsuitable for the unique semi-enclosed, reflective electromagnetic environment of ICVs, the authors designed a small, flexible in-vehicle SAR measurement system and established corresponding measurement methods. Using validated electromagnetic simulation models, they analyzed how uncertainties in tissue simulant liquid properties—specifically relative permittivity and conductivity—propagate to SAR values, comparing linear and quadratic fitting models. The study concludes that the quadratic fitting model, evaluated via the Monte Carlo Method (MCM), provides a more accurate and reasonable uncertainty assessment, laying a foundation for improved electromagnetic safety evaluations in ICVs.