Thermal Radiation Effect on Magneto-Hydrodynamic Nanofluid Flow Over A Rotating Horizontal Annulus with Porous Medium.

The aim of this study is to analyze heat transfer over two horizontal concentric cylinders in the influence of MHD, internal heat source containing porous nanofluids and thermal radiation are considered. The novelty of this work is internal heat source and porous media of H2O–Cu nanofluids with the Lorentz effect are investigated and its applications are cooling systems, and heat exchangers. In addition, transformation for the momentum and energy equation is applied to obtain a set of ODEs for governing equations in the heat transfer flows. Further, the numerical technique BVP4C is used to solve the resulting system of nonlinear, coupled equations with boundary conditions. The influence of Hartmann number, volume fraction, radiation parameter, internal heat source parameter, Darcy number and different nanoparticles are examined in velocity and temperature profiles. The results show good agreement with the existing work of velocity and temperature graphs. Moreover, they reveal that thermal radiation significantly influences temperature distribution within the annulus, leading to a higher heat transfer rate. Furthermore, the presence of a porous medium and internal heat source modulates the flow patterns. This study provides optimizing MHD nanofluid systems for engineering applications such as thermal management systems, hyperthermia treatment in cancer therapy, food processing, rotating machinery and cooling systems. Impact on Reynolds number (Re) on velocity and temperature profiles are visualized here. From this figure, one can see that the velocity increases due to domination of inertial forces, mixing effects of transition flows and magnetic force. Temperature increases as Reynolds number increases because kinetic energy of the fluid is dissipated converts thermal energy forms chaotic motion and thermal conductivity of the fluid increases. In the design of automobiles and compressor is used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]