Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Sarcophaga peregrina Larvae as a Cause of Ophthalmomyiasis.

Ophthalmomyiasis, a rare but severe parasitic infestation of the eye, is commonly associated with fly larvae, particularly Sarcophaga peregrina. This study aims to identify pathogenic bacteria present in S. peregrina larvae, which may exacerbate infections in ophthalmomyiasis cases. Samples were collected from high-risk areas in Bitung and Manado, Indonesia, where fly populations thrive in human and livestock environments. Molecular identification of the larvae was conducted using COI gene sequencing, while bacterial identification employed 16S rRNA analysis. The results confirmed S. peregrina as the primary fly species responsible for ophthalmomyiasis. Bacterial analysis revealed the presence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter hormaechei, all of which are known to contribute to secondary infections and antimicrobial resistance. The study highlights the role of S. peregrina as both a direct cause of myiasis and a vector for pathogenic bacteria, emphasizing the need for early detection and preventive measures. The findings have significant implications for public health, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions where poor sanitation and high fly populations increase the risk of infection. Improved hygiene, rapid bacterial identification, and targeted antimicrobial treatments are essential to reducing the morbidity associated with ophthalmomyiasis. Future research should explore the full spectrum of microbial interactions within S. peregrina to enhance control strategies and therapeutic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]