Seismo-acoustic coupling in the deep atmosphere of Venus.

This article investigates the efficiency of seismic-to-acoustic energy transfer (seismo-acoustic coupling) at the surface of Venus, focusing on the planet's lower atmosphere under supercritical conditions. Using the Peng-Robinson equation of state (P-R EoS) to model Venus's dense atmosphere, the study finds that acoustic energy transmission from seismic sources into the atmosphere is several orders of magnitude stronger than on Earth due to Venus's much lower crust-atmosphere acoustic impedance contrast. Simulations of acoustic propagation from subsurface seismic sources show that the resulting infrasound energy is concentrated in a narrow cone above the epicenter, with frequency-dependent width and amplitude, supporting the feasibility of detecting venusquakes via balloon-borne sensors. The findings provide a foundation for future seismic monitoring of Venus's interior and highlight the potential influence of Venus's unique atmospheric and crustal properties on seismo-acoustic signal generation and propagation.