Anticancer and apoptotic activity in neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH using phospholipid extract from bone of Scomberomorus niphonius.

Among various types children's health challenges, neuroblastoma is the most serious solid neoplasm forming outside the cranium. Scomberomorus niphonius is a valuable edible fish that has been widely used for a meal. In this study, we obtained phospholipid extract from the bone of S. niphonius with the supercritical CO2 extraction method and tested anticancer activity with a cell viability assay. The phospholipid showed anticancer activity on neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH cells, and the anticancer activity was presented with an IC50 of 710.25 ± 28.31 μg/ml, but did not show a significant toxicity on HUVEC cell lines. Western blot was used to detect signaling proteins; Bak, caspase‐9, caspase‐8, caspase‐3, Bax, and IκBα were increased, whereas IKKβ and NFκB were downregulated in experimental groups compared to untreated groups. Gene expression was revealed by RT‐qPCR, and the fold ratio of Apaf‐1, cytochrome‐c, caspase‐9, caspase‐3, and Bax genes' expression was raised in treated groups, implying apoptosis. Gel electrophoresis revealed that the experimental groups had more fragmented DNA than the control group. The study shows that a phospholipid extract from S. niphonius' bone could be used as a biological origin of anticancer activity in neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]