Bone Regeneration Following Implantoplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Long-Term Radiographic Assessment.

This article focuses on evaluating the long-term bone regeneration potential following implantoplasty—a surgical procedure that mechanically smooths exposed dental implant surfaces—in patients with peri-implantitis without the use of regenerative materials. In a retrospective cohort of 56 patients (70 implants) followed for an average of 59 months, 61.5% of implants showed marginal bone level gains up to 4.8 mm, 21.4% remained stable, and 15.7% failed due to disease recurrence. The study found that implantoplasty alone, without osseous surgery, flap repositioning, or grafting, may promote peri-implant bone repair, particularly in defects with favorable morphology such as circumferential bone loss. Limitations include its retrospective design, lack of histologic confirmation of true regeneration, and absence of some clinical parameters, indicating the need for future randomized trials with larger samples to validate these findings.