(Re)introducing world hegemony into the 'global organic crisis'.

This article critically examines neo-Gramscian interpretations of the global organic crisis that has persisted since the 2008 financial crash, highlighting their contributions and theoretical limitations. It argues that neo-Gramscian frameworks, which emphasize transnational class agency and intersubjectivity, lack ontological depth and insufficiently address structural change, coercion, militarism, and geopolitical rivalry. Drawing on critical realism and scholars like Giovanni Arrighi, the article reasserts the significance of American world hegemony, viewing the crisis as a systemic challenge to U.S. dominance and the neoliberal accumulation regime it supports. It contends that U.S. political and military power remain central to maintaining global order, but growing structural contradictions and shifting global power dynamics, including the rise of the BRICS nations, undermine the sustainability of American hegemony and the liberal international order.