Evidence on the validity, reliability and usability of active and passive sensing of cognition for use in ambulatory studies: A systematic scoping review.

The article focuses on a scoping review evaluating the validity, reliability, and usability of mobile-based cognitive assessments used in ambulatory research, particularly through ecological momentary assessment (EMA). It highlights that active cognitive sensing, especially processing speed tasks delivered via mobile devices, shows the most consistent psychometric support, while passive sensing methods like keystroke dynamics also demonstrate promising associations with cognitive measures. However, few studies have thoroughly examined reliability within EMA settings, and usability has been less frequently assessed despite generally positive findings. The review emphasizes the need for standardized evaluation methods to advance research on cognitive fluctuations and their links to stress, behavior, and health in real-world environments. [Extracted from the article]