The effect of vitamin D₃ and omega-3 combination, taken orally, on triglycerides, lining of intestine, and the biodiversity of gut microbiota in healthy rats.

This study investigates the effects of vitamin D3 and omega-3 supplementation, both separately and combined, on gut microbiota biodiversity and triglyceride levels in healthy white Wistar rats. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and biochemical analyses over six weeks, the research found that while separate intake of vitamin D3 or omega-3 positively influenced gut microbial diversity and maintained healthier intestinal morphology, their combined administration led to unfavorable outcomes, including increased abundance of opportunistic Clostridia bacteria, thinner intestinal walls, enlarged lumen diameter, incomplete absorption of supplements, and elevated fecal triglyceride levels. These findings suggest a potential negative interaction between vitamin D3 and omega-3 when taken together, warranting further studies to clarify underlying mechanisms and assess relevance in human models.