Hookworm infestation as a rare cause of melaena in tropics: A case report.

This article focuses on a rare clinical case of melena caused by hookworm infestation in the duodenum. A 45-year-old male farmer with a history of intermittent melena and severe iron-deficiency anemia underwent multiple normal preliminary endoscopies before hookworms were detected on repeat upper endoscopy. Treatment with albendazole successfully eradicated the infestation, leading to clinical improvement and normalized hemoglobin levels at two-year follow-up. The report highlights the importance of considering hookworm infestation as a differential diagnosis for melena, especially in patients without other common causes, and recommends repeat endoscopy to avoid missed diagnoses.