Subordinate group

The identification of subordinate groups is based on socially determined systems of structured inequality. These systems of societal stratification influence the control that members of different groups have over their lives, the power they wield, and their access to valued resources. Subordinate groups, sometimes called minority groups, are not determined by numerical size but by the fact that they do not share proportionately in societal wealth, educational attainment, suitable employment, adequate housing, and other socially valued resources. This stratification system is created and maintained through the actions of dominant groups who benefit from this unequal relationship. The important characteristics or traits that define membership in a subordinate group vary across time and place but are determined by the dominant group. The main categories of subordinate groups most often include those based on race, ethnicity, religion, and gender. Ethnic subordinate groups are singled out for their cultural differences from the dominant group’s cultural norms. Racial subordinate groups are distinguished by some perceived physical difference from the dominant group. In the intersectionality framework, multiple categories of subordinate groupings may interact. The tactics used by dominant groups to ensure their advantaged societal position include ideological rationalizations for inequality and discrimination based on prejudices, as well as repressive actions ranging from segregation to extermination.

Bibliography

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