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Insular Cases  — Research Starter

The Insular Cases refer to a series of U.S. Supreme Court decisions from the early 1900s that addressed the constitutional status of territories acquired by the United States following the…

Innovative Black Filmmakers Achieve Success  — Research Starter

The emergence of innovative Black filmmakers in the late 1980s and early 1990s marked a significant turning point in American cinema, showcasing the rich narratives of African American culture and…

Influenza pandemic of 1918–19  — Research Starter

The Influenza pandemic of 1918–19, often referred to as the "Spanish flu," was one of the deadliest pandemics in history, claiming an estimated 20 to 40 million lives worldwide. It infected…

Inflationary Theory Explains the Early Universe  — Research Starter

Inflationary Theory is a significant extension of the Big Bang Theory that aims to address several unresolved issues in our understanding of the universe's early moments. Proposed by physicist Alan…

Indonesia's Government Retaliates Against a Failed Communist Coup  — Research Starter

In the mid-20th century, Indonesia experienced significant political upheaval following its independence from Dutch colonial rule in 1949. President Sukarno's attempts to establish a stable government…

Indonesian Forest Fires Devastate Southeast Asia  — Research Starter

The Indonesian forest fires of 1997 had devastating effects on Southeast Asia, exacerbated by the worst drought in fifty years and El Niño conditions, which delayed the monsoon season. While…

Indonesia Regains Its Independence  — Research Starter

"Indonesia Regains Its Independence" refers to the historical process through which Indonesia achieved independence from Dutch colonial rule in the mid-20th century. Following centuries of Western…

Indo-Chinese Boat People Begin Fleeing Vietnam  — Research Starter

The term "Indo-Chinese Boat People" refers to a large group of refugees, primarily from Vietnam, who fled their homeland in the aftermath of the Vietnam War, particularly following the fall of Saigon…

Indira Gandhi Is Assassinated  — Research Starter

Indira Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India, was assassinated on October 31, 1984, by two of her Sikh bodyguards, Beant Singh and Satwant Singh. This tragic event followed a period of escalating…