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Native American prehistory—Great Basin  — Research Starter

Native American prehistory in the Great Basin, covering parts of present-day Oregon, California, Nevada, and Utah, is marked by the adaptation of Indigenous peoples to a challenging environment.…

Native American prehistory—California  — Research Starter

Native American prehistory in California showcases the rich cultural and environmental diversity of the region's indigenous societies, primarily characterized by hunting and gathering practices.…

Native American prehistory—Arctic  — Research Starter

Native American prehistory in the Arctic encompasses the early human adaptations and cultural developments in a challenging and diverse environment. This region, defined as the circumpolar area north…

Native American petroglyphs  — Research Starter

Native American petroglyphs are designs carved into rock surfaces through techniques like pecking or incising, distinct from pictographs, which are painted images. Found across the continental United…

Native American paints and painting  — Research Starter

Native American paints and painting encompass a rich tradition that dates back to the earliest inhabitants of the Americas, with early forms such as pictographs—symbolic paintings on rock…

Native American oral literature  — Research Starter

Native American oral literature is a rich and dynamic tradition that serves as a primary means of cultural transmission among tribes without written languages. This storytelling method involves elders…

Native American music and song  — Research Starter

Native American music and song encompass a rich and diverse cultural expression that varies significantly across different tribes and regions of North America. Unlike European musical traditions,…

Native American mosaic and inlay art  — Research Starter

Native American mosaic and inlay art is a rich and diverse form of artistic expression that utilizes small pieces of materials, including stone, glass, and shells, to create intricate designs and…

Native American military societies  — Research Starter

Native American military societies, often referred to as sodalities, were voluntary organizations primarily composed of men from various bands within a tribe. Predominantly found within the Plains…