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Caddoan Language Family  — Research Starter

The Caddoan Language Family encompasses a group of indigenous languages historically spoken across regions that are now parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma, and East Texas. By the twentieth century,…

Caddo  — Research Starter

The Caddo Nation, historically comprising the Hasinai, Kadohadacho, and Natchitoche alliances, has deep roots in the region that now includes parts of northwest Louisiana, east Texas, southwest…

Cacique  — Research Starter

Cacique is a term originally used in the Caribbean to denote tribal chiefs among the Arawak Indigenous Peoples. Upon the arrival of the Spanish, the term was adapted and employed to refer to various…

Bull Bear  — Research Starter

Bull Bear was a prominent figure among the Cheyenne people, serving as a leader of the Dog Soldiers, a society of warriors that acted as both an internal police force and a military group during…

Buffalo Hump  — Research Starter

Buffalo Hump was a prominent leader of the Penateka band of Comanches, recognized for his military prowess during the early Comanche Wars. He rose to prominence around 1849 after engaging in various…

Buffalo Dance  — Research Starter

The Buffalo Dance is a significant ceremonial performance traditionally associated with the Mandan and other Plains Indigenous Americans, aimed at ensuring a successful buffalo hunt. This dance is…

Bozeman Trail Wars  — Research Starter

The Bozeman Trail Wars were a series of conflicts between the U.S. military and Native American tribes, primarily the Sioux and Cheyenne, during the late 1860s. Initiated by the U.S. government's…

Bowl (Cherokee leader)  — Research Starter

Bowl was a notable Cherokee leader born in North Carolina to a Cherokee mother and a Scots-Irish trader. He spent his formative years in Chickamauga, Tennessee, and played a significant role during…

Booger Dance  — Research Starter

The Booger Dance is a significant ritual primarily associated with the Cherokee, though it also involves the Creek, Yuchi, and Catawba tribes. This masked dance, which has its roots in the Eastern…